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1.
Public Health ; 230: 6-11, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38460397

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI) is an instrument that measures long-term overall disability. The objective of this study was to evaluate GALI's predictive value on mortality while examining variations according to sex, age, and educational level. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal study. METHODS: This longitudinal study was based on 42,991 individuals aged ≥15 years who participated in the 2011-2012 National Health Survey and the 2014 European Health Survey in Spain. These records were linked to mortality data up to December 2021. GALI assessed self-reported functional limitation in the past 6 months and classified individuals into three categories: severely limited, limited but not severely, and not limited. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated using Poisson regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health status variables. RESULTS: Compared to individuals with no limitations, those with non-severe limitations had an IRR for mortality of 1.27 (95% CI: 1.16-1.38), and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.81-2.31) in those with severe limitations. Women with severe limitations exhibited a higher IRR (2.32; 95% CI: 1.98-2.71) compared to men (1.73; 95% CI: 1.45-2.08) (P for interaction = 0.005). Individuals <65 years with severe limitations showed a greater association (2.22; 95% CI: 1.58-3.10) than those ≥65 (1.49; 95% CI: 1.32-1.69) (P for interaction <0.001). Among individuals with lower educational attainment, the IRR was 2.08 (95% CI: 1.83-2.37), and 1.87 (95% CI: 1.37-2.56) for the higher education group (P for interaction = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: GALI is a robust predictor of all-cause mortality in the general population and subgroups. The association is stronger in women, individuals <65 years, and those with lower educational levels.


Assuntos
Pessoas com Deficiência , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos Longitudinais , Nível de Saúde , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos
3.
Indicadores básicos;27
Monografia em Espanhol | PAHOIRIS | ID: phr2-59380

RESUMO

Esta es la vigésimo séptima publicación de la serie de indicadores básicos desde que en 1996 el Ministerio de Salud de la Nación y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud presentaron esta iniciativa. Indicadores Básicos 2023 recopila los últimos datos disponibles en el país provenientes de diversas fuentes oficiales. Continúan las ya clásicas secciones de indicadores demográficos, socioeconómicos, de recursos, acceso y cobertura, de morbilidad, de mortalidad y salud materno-infantil, indicadores generales del país y enfoque de género cuando está disponible. En esta ocasión, se han actualizado los indicadores socioeconómicos con información de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares y se desagregan los indicadores de ocupación por período. También se incluye un apartado especial sobre las muertes por la Enfermedad por COVID-19 y las principales causas de muerte en el año 2021.


Assuntos
Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Indicadores Demográficos , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Indicadores Sociais , Saúde Materno-Infantil , Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde , COVID-19
5.
Washington, D.C.; OPS; 2023-11-27.
Não convencional em Espanhol | PAHOIRIS | ID: phr-58610

RESUMO

El presente documento constituye una breve síntesis de la actualización de las directrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) del 2022 para la vigilancia epidemiológica y la notificación de la tuberculosis (TB). En sus páginas se resumen las consideraciones operativas más destacadas para el seguimiento de las nuevas intervenciones de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta enfermedad en el contexto de la Región de las Américas. Asimismo, se presentan algunos de los indicadores más sobresalientes y aplicables a la Región, así como las variables necesarias para generarlos y que deberían formar parte de los sistemas de información locales y nacionales. El alcance de la nueva orientación sobre las recomendaciones de la OMS en materia de vigilancia se centra en la personas con TB presuntiva, las que tienen un diagnóstico de enfermedad por TB o de infección por TB, y las que tienen riesgo de enfermedad o infección por TB. Comprende también, los datos básicos y los indicadores pertinentes que se deben recopilar, analizar y notificar para la vigilancia de la TB y que son aplicables a todos los países, e indica dónde y cómo recopilarlos. El público destinatario incluye a todas las personas involucradas en la recopilación, la gestión, la notificación, el análisis y el uso de los datos de vigilancia de la TB y el objetivo final de estas recomendaciones ahora publicadas por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) es abrir el camino para que los países adapten sus procesos de seguimiento y evaluación para la eliminación de la TB como problema de salud pública.


Assuntos
Tuberculose , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Sistemas de Saúde , América
6.
Front Public Health ; 11: 1225053, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37841744

RESUMO

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Robust evidence has demonstrated that modifiable lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are the primary causes of NCDs. Although a series of guidelines for the management of NCDs have been published in China, these guidelines mainly focus on clinical practice targeting clinicians rather than the general population, and the evidence for NCD prevention based on modifiable lifestyle factors has been disorganized. Therefore, comprehensive and evidence-based guidance for the risk management of major NCDs for the general Chinese population is urgently needed. To achieve this overarching aim, we plan to develop a series of expert consensuses covering 15 major NCDs on health risk management for the general Chinese population. The objectives of these consensuses are (1) to identify and recommend suitable risk assessment methods for the Chinese population; and (2) to make recommendations for the prevention of major NCDs by integrating the current best evidence and experts' opinions. Methods and analysis: For each expert consensus, we will establish a consensus working group comprising 40-50 members. Consensus questions will be formulated by integrating literature reviews, expert opinions, and an online survey. Systematic reviews will be considered as the primary evidence sources. We will conduct new systematic reviews if there are no eligible systematic reviews, the methodological quality is low, or the existing systematic reviews have been published for more than 3 years. We will evaluate the quality of evidence and make recommendations according to the GRADE approach. The consensuses will be reported according to the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT).


Assuntos
População do Leste Asiático , Comportamentos de Risco à Saúde , Humanos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , China/epidemiologia , Protocolos Clínicos , Consenso , Dieta , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Gestão de Riscos , Fumar , Saúde Pública
7.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/250/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-373818
8.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/249/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-373817
9.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/251/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-373816
12.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/269/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-375700
14.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/267/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-375698
16.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/265/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-375696
17.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/264/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-375695
19.
Cairo; World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2023-10. (WHO-EM/HST/262/E).
em Inglês | WHOLIS | ID: who-375693
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